Since the earliest versions of indoor LED light bulbs were developed, their designers have faced a variety of technical challenges. These include AC-to-DC power conversion, thermal design/heat-sinking ...

LED luminaires require precise power and heat management because LEDs convert most of the electrical energy they receive into heat rather than light. Without adequate thermal management, this heat can ...

Lighting a string of LEDs at a constant brightness requires driving it with a regulated current. A boost converter is commonly used to step up the voltage to a level high enough to bias the LEDs on ...

A variety of circuit protection devices can be used to help protect LCD screens from damage caused by excessive current or voltage transients. Overcurrent protection may take the form of a fuse or a ...